Which of the following is an effective strategy for password management?

Using complex combinations and changing passwords regularly is an effective strategy for password management because it enhances the security of accounts against unauthorized access. Complex passwords typically include a mix of uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and special characters, making them difficult to guess or brute force. This complexity reduces the likelihood of being exploited by attackers using dictionary attacks or other common techniques to crack passwords.

Additionally, regularly changing passwords minimizes the risk that a compromised password remains valid for an extended period. Even if a password is discovered, frequent updates can help ensure that unauthorized users lose access as they would need to continuously keep up with the latest password changes. This proactive approach is key in maintaining account security, especially for sensitive data or critical systems.

In contrast, other strategies listed, such as using the same password for multiple accounts, sharing passwords, and storing them in an unencrypted text file, introduce significant vulnerabilities that can be easily exploited by cybercriminals.