What is the primary focus of a vulnerability assessment?

The primary focus of a vulnerability assessment is to identify weaknesses in a system. This process involves systematically analyzing an organization's information systems to uncover vulnerabilities that could be exploited by attackers. By conducting a vulnerability assessment, organizations can gain insights into their security posture and understand where improvements are needed to defend against potential threats.

The assessment typically includes scanning networks and systems for known vulnerabilities, assessing configurations, and identifying areas that lack sufficient security controls. Once these weaknesses are identified, organizations can prioritize them based on risk and take appropriate actions to remediate or mitigate these vulnerabilities, ultimately enhancing their overall security framework.

Additionally, while the other choices involve important aspects of cybersecurity—such as user access control, employee training, and password management—they do not specifically align with the purpose of vulnerability assessment. The focus of a vulnerability assessment is distinctly on finding and analyzing security weaknesses, which is crucial for effective risk management and security enhancement.