What is the function of a security operations center (SOC)?

The function of a security operations center (SOC) is primarily to monitor and analyze security incidents, as well as to manage responses to those incidents. The SOC acts as the central hub for an organization’s cybersecurity efforts, employing tools and technologies to detect and respond to threats in real time. This includes continuous monitoring of the organization's IT environment for unusual activities or potential breaches, analyzing alerts and notifications from security devices and software, and coordinating incident response activities.

A SOC typically includes skilled cybersecurity professionals who work together to protect the organization’s digital assets. These professionals are responsible for ensuring that they can quickly identify and mitigate threats, thereby reducing the impact of security incidents. Furthermore, by maintaining effective communication and response protocols, the SOC enables the organization to be more resilient against cyber threats.

While developing software, conducting training, and enforcing policies are important aspects of a comprehensive cybersecurity program, they are not the primary focus or function of a SOC. Developing software is typically the domain of software engineers, training is usually the responsibility of human resources or cybersecurity awareness teams, and policy enforcement is often managed by compliance or governance teams within the organization. The SOC's core mission remains firmly rooted in proactive monitoring and incident management.