What does the term 'ransomware' refer to?

The term 'ransomware' specifically refers to a type of malware designed to block access to files or systems until a ransom is paid. It typically encrypts data on the victim's system, making it inaccessible, and then demands payment—usually in cryptocurrency—for the decryption key. This malicious tactic exploits both the victim's fear of losing important data and the urgency to regain access to their files.

Understanding ransomware is crucial in cybersecurity, as it poses significant threats to individuals and organizations alike. Security awareness and the implementation of robust backup strategies are essential defenses against such attacks, allowing victims to recover data without yielding to the demands of cybercriminals.